Fines imposed by the Financial Conduct Authority have amounted to £1.47bn, up from £473.3m for the whole of 2013. The FCA's head of enforcement and crime Tracey McDermott said that the sanctions were part of an effort to clean up the city. King & Wood Mallesons partner Rachel Couter told the Guardian that the figures showed that the FCA was taking a tougher line, particularly with repeat offenders and companies which made big money from their wrongdoing.  Source: The Guardian